Blood pressure in high blood pressure

High blood pressure in hypertension is the main criterion of chronic hypertension, requiring urgent treatment. It should be noted that blood pressure may fluctuate slightly during the day, which is normal. But if the increase remains high for quite a long time or the pressure fluctuates with a very large difference, this is hypertension.

What is the blood pressure of a hypertensive patient?

Blood pressure in humans is expressed by two numbers: upper or systolic and lower (diastolic). In adults, normal blood pressure should be between 120/80 and 129/84 mmHg. Symptoms suggestive of illness:

• headache in the back of the head;
• insomnia;
• dizzy;
• faint;
• pain in the heart area;
• Goosebumps or dark circles before the eyes.

For patients with hypertension, the criteria vary depending on the stage of the disease, presented in the table:

Degree of hypertension	Pressure reading mm Hg. Art.	Symptom	Treatment
Light	From 140 to 90 to 160 to 100	Blood pressure periodically increases due to stress Headache	Diet Normalize lifestyle
Medium	160/100—180/110	Enlargement of the left ventricle of the heart dizzy Faint	Medicine Light exercise Diet
Heavy	Above 180/110	Stroke Heart attack Heart arrhythmia Epistaxis	Strong medicine Strict diet

High blood pressure is more dangerous than low blood pressure. You should also be wary of the pathology because in the early stages there are practically no symptoms. Late detection of the problem risks disrupting the functioning of internal organs and prolonging treatment.

How to measure to get a reliable result?

Blood pressure measurement must be done correctly, the accuracy of the results will depend on this. Basic principles when performing measurements:

• Take measurements before meals, 3 times a day.
• The patient's hand should be at heart level.
• The device cuff should be in contact with the skin but not so tight that the index finger can be placed between the cuff and the skin. You need to inflate the air quickly and deflate it slowly.
• 30 minutes before the procedure, do not smoke, drink coffee, tea or alcohol.
• During the measurement, do not talk or strain your arms.
• It is better to take measurements on both hands. In this case, the difference between left and right usually does not exceed 10%.

Main prevention methods

To prevent and keep blood pressure normal, you need to follow simple requirements:

• monitor fluctuations in body weight;
• Salt intake should not exceed 5 g per day;
• Do simple exercises every day;
• eliminate alcohol and nicotine from consumption;
• Add fresh fruits and vegetables to your daily diet.

Treat high blood pressure properly

You can stabilize your blood pressure and sometimes completely recover from the disease in many different ways: traditional or using medication. At home, you can lower your blood pressure with tea and tinctures. Drug treatment should be used with extreme caution and after consulting a doctor. With some medications, blood pressure drops very quickly. Medicines are divided into groups indicated in the table.

Drug group	point	Contraindicated
ACE inhibitor	Comorbidities such as diabetes and coronary heart disease For complex treatment	Chronic kidney disease Allergic reaction
Sartan	Atrial fibrillation Diabetic kidney disease Intolerance to ACE inhibitors	Almost no side effects Pregnancy
Beta blockers	Heart arrhythmia angina	Chronic lung disease
Diuretic	To remove excess fluid from the body, helping to lower blood pressure Diabetes	Hypokalemia: long-term use of the drug will remove beneficial substances from the body
Rapid response	For quick relief of symptoms With complex treatment	Individual intolerance to the components of the drug